Combined typewriting and computing



Aug. 31, 1937. H. L. PITMAN 2,091,717

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1932 5Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 31, 1937.

H. L. PITMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed A ril 25,1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVEN o Aug. 31, 1937. H. L. PITMAN I COMBINEDTYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 3Aug. 31, 1937. L, PITMAN 2,091,717

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed April 25, 1932 I 5sheats- -sheet 4 Aug. 31, 1937. H. L. PITMAN COMBINED TYPEWRITING ANDCOMPUTING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fild A ril 25, 1932 W O T N E VPatented Aug. 31, 1937 COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE HenryL. Pitman,

mesne assignments, to Underwood Westfleld, N. J., assignor, by

Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of DelawareApplication April 25, 1932, Serial No. 607,275

56 Claims.

This invention relates to combined typewriting and computing machines inwhich an indexing mechanism is set up by operation of thenumeraltype-keys and the accompanying typewriter-carriage letter-feedingmovements preparatory to running the typed amount into one or moretotalizers.

This application has to do mainly with means whereby the states of aplurality of registers, in respect to adding, subtracting ornon-computing, are selectively and individually determined preparatoryto operation of the numeral-keys in a computing zone, and relates to myco-pending application, Serial No. 3 ,353, filed Decem r 7, 1928 (nowPatent No. 1,927,951, dated September 26, 1933).

Each of the several registers with which the machine may be provided hasa set of reciprocatory bars for rotating the dial-wheels, said barsbeing each provided with a row of digit-pins, the several pin-bar groupsand the members thereof in their normal retracted positions beingdisposed in parallel and transversely aligned array across the computingmechanism which is surmounted by the typewriting machine. A row ofdigit-bars depressible edgewise extends across the pin-bars and over thepin-groups and has operative connections with the numeral-typekeys, sothat, upon operation of any numeralkey, a corresponding digit-bar isdepressed for setting corresponding digit-pins in the several sets ofpin-bars.

The pin-bars are normally in retracted positions, so that a descendingdigit-bar passes idly between the pins. By advancing the pin-barsslightly to bring them under the key-operated digit-bars, the latter areenabled to set the pins. By the use of suitable trains extending fromthe pin-bars to the typewriter-carriage, this slight advance of thepin-bars is effected seriatim in denominational order. in any pin-bargroup, by the letter-feeding movements or said carriage, it beingunderstood that said movements accompany the operation of thenumeral-type-keys, and that they are, in respect to the computingmechanism, denomination-determining steps.

As shown in my co-pending application, No. 472,610, filed August 2,1930, a single or trunk set of denominational trains common to all thepinbar groups is acted upon by the carriage, each individual train beingramified to serve all the pin-bars of corresponding denomination in theseveral pin-bar groups. Each group of ramifications includes couplersshiftable as a group to connect said ramifications to the pin-bars, the

couplers being normally in ineffective positions. By meansof theseshiftable couplers, it is determinable which group or groups of pin-barsshall be indexed during the passage of the carriage through a computingzone, and hence which reg- 5 ister or registers shall be called intoaction. A coupler-shifting train extends from each couplergroup to thecarriage for control by the latter 4 as it enters and leaves a computingzone, said carriage having one or more tappets for selectively actuatingthe coupler-trains, and being thusenablecl to determine, preparatory tothe denominational pin-bar-selecting operations by said carriage uponthe denominational trunk or master trains, which groups of pin-bars areto be called into action.

Following the typing of an amount in a computing zone and theconcomitant setting of corresponding digit-pins in one or more pin-bargroups, the machine may be cycled to run said amount into the registersof the selected pin-bar groups. The cycling mechanism or generaloperator includes a reciprocatory cross-bar extending transversely ofand below all of the pin-bars, so that in the advance stroke of saidcross-bar, the latter may engage the depressed pins and advance the barsto extents depending upon which digit-pins were depressed, it beingunderstood that the several depressed pins form differently positionedlugs, on their respective pin-bars, and are projected into the path ofsaid cross-bar. For rotating the register-dials, they have pinions andthe pin-bars have racks, said bars being straightly elongate andextending from front to rear of the computing mechanism, the racks beingat the forward ends of the pin-bars and the dial-wheel pinions overlyingthe racks and being normally out of mesh therefrom.

As shown in said application No. 324,353, the dial-wheels are rotatablein reverse directions, one direction being for addition, and theopposite direction being for subtraction. To accomplish oppositerotations of the dial-wheels, each pinbar rack has always in meshtherewith an idle I gear disposed behind the dial pinion, thedialpinions also being normally out of mesh with their respective idlegears.

At the beginning of the cycling operation and before thegeneral-operator cross-bar starts the advance of any pin-bar, theselected register- Wheels are shifted either downwardly to mesh directlywith the racks for rotation in one direction, as in addition, or elsethey are shifted rearwardly to mesh with the idle gears for rotation inthe opposite direction, as for subtraction. The

register-wheels having thus been meshed one way or the other, thepin-bars are advanced forwardly to extents corresponding to the settingof the digit-pins, plus extra carrying steps, the latter being effectedwhen required, by carry-over mechanism fully set forth in my co-pendingapplication, No. 601,173, filed March 25, 1932, and hereinaftergenerally described. By the forward ad vance of the pin-bars, theindexed amount is ac cumulated in the dial-wheels which must be unmeshedfrom the racks, or from the idle gears if they have been meshed with thelatter, before the general operator in its return stroke picks up anypin-bar. To enable-the general operator to return the pin-bars, each ofthe latter has a lug extending into the path of the generaloperatorcross-bar. Said lugs are so disposed that there is an idle period at thebeginning of the return stroke of said crossbar, which affords time forunmeshing the dial-wheels.

For shifting the dial-wheels, each set thereof is mounted in a framearranged and mounted for swinging said frame, and hence the dial-wheels,downwardly and upwardly, for meshing and unmeshing the dial-pinions withor from the pinbar racks, as in addition, or for shifting said framerearwardly and forwardly for meshing and unmeshing the dial-pinions withand from the aforesaid idle gears, as in subtraction. Each shiftabledial-frame includes two side plates, each side plate having at its reara horizontal slot slidably fitting a cross-rod of the general framework.A tie-rod at the front ends of said plates spaces the latter apart andslides in a normally horizontal slot of a vibratory arm extendingrearwardly from a fulcrum. Arms extending vertically from a fulcrum arealso connected to the plates. It will be seen that if the horizontal armis vibrated, the vertical arms remaining stationary, the dial-wheelframe, whose rear slots embrace the aforesaid cross-rod, will swingabout the latter as a fulcrum, and thereby move the dials down or up,said dials being positioned on an arbor spaced substantially forward ofsaid cross-rod. It will also be seen that if the vertical arms arevibrated, the horizontal arm remaining stationary, the frame will beshifted rearwardly or forwardly, being guided by its own horizontalslots and the slot in the stationary horizontal arm.

The present invention provides improved carriage-controlledstate-determining means for each of the several registers, eachstate-determining means being normally held in a neutral state and beingconditioned additively or subtractively concomitantly with the selectionof its companion register. Thus, with a series of say seven registers,it is necessary for the carriage in entering a computing zone to actupon only one state-determining means if say only one register is to becalled into action in said zone. As hereinbefore mentioned, a registeris selected by shifting its aforesaid group of pin-bar couplers intoeffective position by the train extending from said coupler-group to thecarriage. It will be remembered that there is one such train for eachregister. It is contrived to have the actuation of this train cause thewithdrawal of a stop to release a corresponding state-determining means,to enable the latter, under a suitable influence, as, for example, aspring, to assume an additive position determined by a second stop,which may also be. withdrawn by the carriage, whereupon thestate-determining means, still under said influence, will assume asubtractive position. Each register has its individual means includingsaid stops.

It is also contrived that the several state-determining means may assumetheir selected positions as soon as the aforesaid latches are caused tobe withdrawn by the carriage. Heretofore, state-determining means wererestored by the general-operator cross-bar and, therefore, could notassume their selected positions until said cross-bar had advancedsufiiciently at the beginning of the cycling operation.

As has been mentioned, the cross-bar does not immediately pick up anypin-bar at the beginning of its advance stroke, and, therefore, there isanidle period at the beginning of the crossbar advance stroke, whichaffords time for meshing the dial-wheels with their drive-racks or withtheir idler gears. It is desired to allot as much as possible of thisidle period to the meshing operation to avoid harsh abruptness of saidoperation. It is obviously a disadvantage, therefore, to use part ofthis idle period for enabling the state-determining means to assumetheir selected positions, it being understood that the dialwheels maynot be meshed until said positions have been assumed, inasmuch as saidpositions determine whether the dial-pinions are to mesh with the racksor with the idler gears.

Immediate movement of the state-determining means to their selectedpositions as soon as the carriage is tabulated to a computing zone alsoaffords a further advantage and novel feature of the presentimprovements, inasmuch as there are provided means actuated by a memberwhose position is a positive indication of the state of thestate-determining means," and, by said actuated means, a positivelycorrect and visible signal may be given to the operator as soon as thecarriage enters a computing zone, so that said operator may observe whatthe ensuing state of each register will be in a subsequent cyclingoperation.

A further feature of the improvement resides in the provision of meanswhereby the dial-wheel meshing and unmeshing operations for the severalregisters, even though the latter are in different states in respect toadding or subtracting, are driven positively by the general operator.

Another feature of'the improvements resides in the provision ofmanually-operable. means, whereby any state of a register as determinedby the carriage may be altered. In other words, while preserving thefeature of causing the immediate movement of the state-determining meansto their selected positions as an accompaniment of the selection oftheir corresponding registers, it is contrived by appropriate means toenable the resetting of said state-determining means of the selectedregisters to positions other than the positions determined by thecarriage. Thus, if a state-determining means is caused by the carriageto be positioned for subtraction, it may, by manual controls, be changedfor addition or for neutral, or a carriage-determinined addition-settingmay be changed to neutral or subtraction.

For shifting the several registers differentially during a cyclingoperation, that is, some registers for addition and others forsubtraction, or all registers for addition or all for subtraction, thereis provided a rotary shaft, connected to the powerdriven gen-eraloperator, and having cams driving positively in each direction areciprocatory member connected to a rock-shaft which extendstransversely in front of all the shiftable dialframes.

state-determining The aforesaid horizontal and vertical arms for each ofsaid frames used to shift the latter to adding and subtracting positionsare loosely mounted on said rock-shaft, which has additionally for eachregister a coupler slidable axially along and splined to said shaft.Sliding a coupler along said shaft in one direction preparatory to thecycling operation connects it with the corresponding vertical. arms,whereupon rocking of the shaft, at the beginning of said cyclingoperation, will shift the corresponding dial-wheel frame rearwardly tomesh the dial-pinions with the idler gears for subtraction. If thecoupler is shifted in the opposite direction, it will be connected withthe corresponding horizontal arm, so that in the rocking of said shaft,the dialwheels will be shifted downwardly to mesh with the racks foraddition. Conversely, if the rockshaft be rocked in the oppositedirection, the dialwheels will be unmeshed from the idler pinions in onecase when the coupler is connected to the vertical arms, and from theracks in another case when said coupler is connected to the horizontalarm. The wheel-shifting coupler is normally in an intermediate position,in which case neither the horizontal arm nor the vertical arms areconnected to the rock-shaft, and the register is then in a neutralstate. This neutral state of a register may obtain during a cyclingoperation and its dial-wheels will therefore remain unmeshed during thecycling.

For shifting the rockable couplers and affording a non-rockingcoupler-controller, there is provided for each coupler an auxiliaryslide mounted for movement in coupler-shifting direction and having anotch articulated with a tongue of said couple'rin a manner to permitrocking of the latter.

The aforesaid latches, that is, the ones that are connected torespective pin-bar couplers of the several registers and the ones thatare connected to a subtraction-setting train controlled by the carriage,are in the rear of the computing mechanism. Each pair of latches, thatis, a subtraction-latch and a latch connected to a pinbar coupler,retains a straightly elongate slide extending from the rear of themachine to the front, and carrying at its front end a cam-head formedwith a closed cam-groove for actuating the aforementioned non-rockingcoupler-controller which has a downwardly-projecting tongue embraced bysaid cam-groove. Thus, when one or both latches that retain said slideare released, the latter, under the pull of a suitable spring, movesforwardly, and, by means of said cam-groove, moves therock-shaft-coupler controller to positions corresponding with the extentof movement of said latch-retained slide.

Inasmuch as said latch-retained slide is positively keyed by means ofthe closed cam-groove at the end thereof to the rock-shaft-couplingcontroller, and as the latter, in turn, is positively keyed to thecoupler, the position of said latch-retained slide is a positiveindex-basis of the position of the rock-shaft coupler. It is contrived,therefore, to connect to said latch-controlled slide a shiftablesignal-member preferably in the form of a vertical shaft having at itslower end an arm linked to said slide and carrying at its upper end aplate inscribed with the signals S and A, signifying subtraction andaddition. Said shaft is mounted so that said signals may register with asight-opening in the casing close to the sight-opening for the dials ofthe corresponding register. When the statedetermining means are inneutral positions, a blank portion of said plate registers with saidsight-opening to signify that a neutral condition obtains in thestate-determining means. There is one of such signal-devices for eachregister.

It is further contrived to extend the elongate latch-controlled slidesufliciently forward, so that it may be manually shifted back, or itsforward movement manually controlled, by suitable means, preferably abell-crank lever fulcrumed within the casing of the machine, and havingan arm extending forwardly through and beyond the front of said casingto carry a key. A transverse arm of said lever may engage the front endof the latch-controlled slide, and it will be seen that by turning saidlever, said latter slide may be pushed back, or its forward movementlimited,

said lever thus affording a manual control for determining the positionof the latch-controlled slide independently of the carriage. Suitabledetent-means are provided to hold said bell-crank lever at its threestations, namely, for neutral, addition and subtraction. As a furthermanual control of the latch-controlled slides, all thesubtraction-latches for the several latch-controlled slides are operableby and connected to a common rock-shaft, operable either by amanuallycontrolled general-subtraction key or by a normally latchedspring-pressed lever under the control of the carriage. Thus a singletappet on the carriage suffices in any computing zone to effectsubtraction in a selected register. In cases where another register isto be simultaneously selected and conditioned for addition, the releaseof the subtraction-latch therefor may be negatived by setting theaforesaid manually-operable bellcrank key of said latter register toaddition position. Similarly, if registers are selected by the carriageand conditioned for addition or subtraction, and it is desired for somereason to have them neutral, the manually-operable bell-crank keys forsaid other registers are set to neutral positions to prevent advancefrom neutral positions of their respective latch-controlled slides.

Toward the end of the cycling operation, a universal member extendingtransversely of all the latch-controlled slides is moved backwardly torestore said slides to their rearward positions, the several latchesbeing permitted at this time to drop into latching positions and holdsaid slidesi Said universal. member is driven by the general operator,and, before the end of the cycling operation and after it has restoredthe latch-controlled slides, it moves forwardly again, so that saidslides may be set forwardly again by their springs when the latches arereleased in the next computing zone. Thus each slide and its associatedstate-determining means may assume their selected positions as soon asthe carriage enters said zone.

There is provided for each register the usual star or clearance keyoperable when all the wheels stand at zero and being locked when thewheels stand otherwise. Inasmuch as the dial-wheels shift during acycling operation and thestar-keylocking member shifts with said wheels,it is possible to operate said key erroneously during the cycling. Theaforesaid rock-shaft-coupler-shifting controllers afford novelcontrolling means for the star-keys, in that each of said controllersmay have an abutment to lock the star-key when said slide is in addingor subtracting position, and may also have a clearance for said key whenthe slide is in neutral position. It is thus obvious that no star-key ofa register may be operated while its dial-wheels are shifted from normalposition.

Other features appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a perspective view, showing the arrangement of themanually-operable subtractionkey and the means whereby it actuates therockshaft to which the subtraction-latches are connected.

Figure 2 is a side view of the combined typewriting and computingmachine, many parts being omitted to show clearly the means in which theinvention is embodied.

Figure 3 is a side view, showing a pin-bar advanced by the generaloperator to rotate the dialwheels for subtraction, the state-controllingand dial-shifting means being shown in their subtracting positions.There are also shown the carriage-controlled latches resting on top ofthe slide which they control, ready to re-engage said slide upon therestoration of the latter by the universal-slide-restoring member.

Figure 4 is a perspective view, showing details of the manually-operablebell-crank or state-setter at the front of the machine, and its relationto the front of the latch-controlled slide. Details of therock-shaft-coupling controller and its mounting are also shown.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a register, showing details of theshiftable dial-wheel frame and the star-key mechanism, and details of amember whereby the register-shifting rockand advantages will hereinaftershaft is splined to the shiftable coupler thereon.

Figure 6 is a skeleton perspective, showing the arrangement of the partsfor four registers, four sets of state-determining means being shown,together with the latches therefor, and the means for controlling saidlatches.

Figure 7 is a perspective view, showing details of the means whereby thecarriage releases a spring-pressed lever for rocking thesubtractionrock-shaft to effect the withdrawal of thesubtraction-latches. Said Figure 7 is shown in jux- 5 taposition toFigure 6 to illustrate the co-operation of the parts.

Figure 8 is a top plan view, showing details of the signal-device andthe bell-crank lever or state-setter at the front of the machine.

Figure 9 is a partial side view, showing the operated positions of themeans whereby the subtraction-latch rock-shaft is released, and alsoshowing the operated position of the universal member that restores thelatch-controlled slides, 55 and the operating means therefor.

Figure 10 is a detail front view, showing how the latch-controlledslides are slidably supported at their rear portions.

Figure 11 is an enlarged perspective view,

60 showing two registers, and bringing out details of theregister-shifting rock-shaft and its equipment, and also showing detailsof the manuallyoperated bell-crank, the power-head for shifting thedial-wheels, and its operating cams, andthe 65 connection of saidpower-head to said rock-shaft.

Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 3, showing how the dial-wheels aredirectly engaged with the racks for addition, and showing thecorresponding positions of the dial-shifting means, the rock- 7shaft-coupling means, and the power-head that actuates said rock-shaft,the parts being shown as when the cycling operation is at the pointwhere said dial-wheels have just become engaged with the racks.

75 Figure 13 is a perspective view, including a portion of thedial-wheel-shifting rock-shaft and the coupling means for one of theregisters, and showing particularly the coupler shifted to engage thehorizontal adding arm, and the connection of said coupler to itsoperating C011. troller.

Figure 14 Ba rear elevation, showing details of a pair of dial-shiftingvertical arms, an end view of a dial-shifting horizontal arm, and therelation of the sliding rock-shaft arms.

Figures 15 and 16 are views of an operated pinbar andcarry-overmechanism, showing that the operation of said mechanism is thesame for addition as it is for subtraction, Figure 15 showing thedial-wheels directly meshed with the racks for addition, and Figure 16showing said dialwheels meshed with the idler gears for subtraction.

Typewriter-keys 30 depress levers 3|, forming members of trains whichdrive types 32 against a platen 33. The latter is mounted upon acarriage 34 having guide-rails 35 upon the typewriter-framework 31. Thecarriage is driven by spring 39, and moves step by step under control ofan escapement-mechanism 38, which is operated in the usual manner by thekeys.

Dial-wheels 40 at the front of the machine are rotated by means of bars4|, which extend rearwardly in parallelism and carry depressibieindex-pins 42, shown in my co-pending application No. 324,353, filedDecember 7, 1928 (now Patent No. 1,927,951, dated September 26, 1933).

One pin at a time may be set in' each bar, by means of the selectednumeral-key-lever 3|. From the front of the key-lever depends a stem 45,which rocks an individual shaft 46. These shafts form members ofparallel-motion linkages, one for each numeral-key. Each linkageincludes a horizontal transverse pin-setting bar 48, depressibleedgewise for setting the index-pins.

As is disclosed in the patent to Minton 1,280,- 065 of September 24,1918, and the patent to Han son 1,278,812 of September 10, 1918, eachpin-setting bar 48 is pivoted at its ends to horizontal arms orbell-cranks (not shown). Vertical arms of said bell-cranks are connectedto the ends of upper transverse bars 49. Arms 56 connect the rock-shaft46 to said bars 49, and each shaft carries at its front end an arm 62,depressibie by the associated key-stem 45.

If the register-bars 4| are in normal rearmost positions, then theindexing bars 48 may move down idly between the transverse rows ofindexpins 42. However, the typewriter-carriage 34 operates successivelydenominational trains, one for each register-bar 4|, to set theregister-bars forward seriatim, and advance the pins 42 thereon tooperative positions under the indexing crossbars 48, as set forth in myco-pending application No. 472,610, filed August 2, 1930. A tappet 50 issettable along a rack-bar 5| of said carriage, and operates to depressseriatim vertical jointed pushrods 52, to rock bell-cranks, each of thelatter having one arm 53 depressibie by 52, and also having a pendentarm 53 connected to one end of a shiftable coupler 54, the forward endof which coupler may strike a projection 55 formed upon the rear of theregister-bar 4|, to advance the latter and its pins 42, bringing themproperly under the indexing bars 48.

The couplers 54 are shiftable up and down as a set, for effectingconnection and disconnection coupler to said between the bell-cranks andthe register-bars, 7

whereby any or all of the several registers may be brought into use.

The typewriter-carriage 34, when entering a computing zone, will causeits tappet 50 to de- 5 press the first push-rod 52, thereby operatingthe entire denominational train 53, 54, 4|, or, in other words, bringingthe register-bar 4| into operable position, with its index-pins 42directly beneath the transverse pin-setting bars 48. At this time, theoperation of any numeral-key will depress its associated transversepin-setting bar 48, to set an index-pin 42 upon the advanced bar 4|.Thereupon the key is released, and the carriage 34 escapes; whereuponthe register-bar 4| is restored to normal position by means of the usualspring-device.

As the carriage steps to the next place, the push-rod 52 of the nextdenomination is depressed by tappet 50, and hence the next registerbar4| is advanced, bringing its index-pins to working positions under thepin-setting bars 48.

The bell-cranks 53 are mounted upon individual rock-shafts 53 so thatthe order of the denominations is transposed. There is only one set ofrods 52, and this set serves all the registers. For this purpose, eachrock-shaft 53 has one arm 53 for every register. Thus a single tappetand a single rod 52 may advance bars 4| for all the registers, asexplained in application 472,610.

After the setting of the index-pins, the number represented thereby isrun into dials 40 by means of a forward drive of the register-bars 4|,which is effected by a, cycling mechanism. The latter includes apower-driven general operator having a horizontal cross-bar 60, which isdriven forwardly and engages the various depressed indexpins 42, andthereby carries forward the registerbars 4|, to drive the dials 40accordingly.

The cross-bar 60 of the general operator is fixed at its ends toparallel horizontal driveracks 65, and these are guided for endwiseforward and backward travel along the inner sides of side-members 06 ofthe framework of the computing mechanism, which is surmounted by thetypewriter-framework. These side racks have plates 81 to which the endsof the cross-bar 00 are attached. The side racks 65 are coupled totravel in unison by means of a cross-shaft 58, that is journaled in theside walls 66 of the base. This cross-shaft has sectors 69 fast thereon.Said sectors are connected to the racks by pinions 10.

As set forth in said co-pending application 324,353, to each dial 40 isfastened a drive-pinion 88, and these pinions may be dropped from normalidle position into mesh with drive-racks 89 that are formed upon theforward ends of the register-bars 4|. After the dial-pinions 88 havebecome so meshed, the register-bars 4| may drive the dais forwardly foraddition; but it will be understood that the pinions 88 are thenwithdrawn from the drive-racks 89, and remain stationary while saidracks are being returned.

Said dial-pinions 88 are also used for rotating the dials 49 reverselyfor subtraction. For this purpose, the pinions 88 may be shiftedrearwardly into mesh with idle gears 90, the latter being permanently inmesh with the racks 89, so as to advance and return therewith. The gears90 drive the dial-pinions 88 reversely. Then the pinions 88 have to beshifted forwardly out of mesh with the idle gears 90, so that the dialsmay remain stationary while the idle gears 90 are being returned withthe racks 89.

As set forth in said co-pending application No. 324,353, thedial-pinions 88, together with dials 40, are mounted upon a shiftableframe 92. The pinions are rotatable independently of one another upon anarbor 9| that forms parts of said shiftable frame; the latter alsoincluding side plates 93, in which the ends of the arbor 9| are mounted,said side plates being also joined by a cross-rod 94. The framing of themachine includes pairs of fixed guide-plates 96 rising from thecross-bar 91 of the computing base, and

guiding the shiftable frames 92.

Each shiftable frame 92 is normally held up in idle position. Its frontsupport is a horizontallyslotted arm I00, extending rearwardly from amain rock-shaft 99, that is journaled at its ends in the side members 65of the framework, and forms part of the cycling mechanism. In the slot|0I in the arm I00 plays the cross-rod 94 of the shiftable pinion-frame.

The rear support of said frame is a fixed tie-bar I03, having on its endportions flattened collars I03, upon which fit horizontal slots I02 inthe opposite side plates 93 of the shiftable pinion-frame' The frametherefore can slide forwardly and backwardly upon the rear collars I03and in the front slotted arm I00. Thus the pinions may be thrustrearwardly into mesh with the idle pinions 90, and forwardly awaytherefrom. Said pinions rotate on the tie-rod I03.

Said shiftable pinion-frame is also capable of up-and-down swingingmovement about the tierod I03, by rocking the shaft 99 and arm I00downwardly, thus bringing the frame, together with its pinions, intodirect engagement with the register-bar racks 89, for addition.

The rearward shifting movement of the pinionframe 92 in the guide-slotsI02, IOI, may be effected by rock-arms I05, which rise from main shaft99. These arms are loose on said shaft, and are connected by links I06to the opposite side plates 93 of the shiftable pinion-frame, so thatthe rocking of the arms I05 thrusts the pinions 88 back, from normalposition at Figure 2, into mesh with the idle gears 90, as at Figure 3.

It will be understood that the register-bars are cycled after thedial-pinions are shifted either down into mesh with the racks 89 orrearwardly into mesh with the idle pinions 90. It will also beunderstood that after the forward drive of the register-bars 4 I, thesedial-pinions 88 are unmeshed and returned to normal free positions,

where they remain stationary during the return movement of theregister-bars 4|.

The forward and rear reciprocation or cycling of the cross-bar 60, foroperating the registerbars 4 I may be effected in any suitable way, asfor example by means of a handle, as shown in said Hanson Patent1,278,812, or by a motor as shown in said Minton Patent 1,280,065, or inHart Patent 1,171,403 of February 8, 1916, or in my pending application324,353.

The downward movement of the additionshifting arm I00 is effected by themain rockshaft 99, the latter being rocked correspondingly preparatoryto addition, and then reversely before the completion of the cycling ofthe machine.

Said main rock-shaft 99 has equipment whereby it may be coupled eitherto the addition-shifting arm or arms I00, or to the subtraction-shiftingarm or arms I05.

This equipment is selective, and includes, upon the rock-shaft 99, aclutch-element or coupler in the form of a bail I23, having bent downarms or ears I24, which are loosely fitted upon the main rock-shaft 99.Projecting rearwardly from the bail is a lug I25, in position to engageand depress the addition-arm I00, or, in other words, to effect acoupling between main rock-shaft 99 and the depressible addition-armI00. The coupler slides upon the main rock-shaft 99, being splinedthereto by means of a key I26 fixed to the rock-shaft and having agroove I21 through which the coupler may slide lengthwise of the shaft,the coupler fitting in the groove, so that it must rotate with theshaft.

The coupler I23 may be swung to the left (see second register at Figure11), to a position to carry the lug I25 free of the addition-arm I00,and at the same time to carry a lift-arm I28 to position beneath ahorizontal bar I29, which connects arms I05 and forms therewith a bail.These arms I05 have pivoted to their upper ends the links I06 with whichto slide the shiftable pinion-frame rearwardly for subtraction.

The lift-arm I28 normally underlies a notch I30 in the bar I29, andtherefore is idle whenever the coupler occupies such a longitudinalposition that its depressible lug I registers with the depressibleaddition-arm I00. It will therefore be understood that whether additionor subtraction is to 25 be performed, will depend upon the point towhich the coupler I23 is adjusted along the main rock-shaft 99. Saidcoupler may also occupy a third or neutral position when desired.

The different parts actuated by said main rockshaft 99, as justdescribed, may constitute statecontrolling means for determiningadditive, subtractive and neutral states of the several registers,independently each of the others. This mecha nism may normally be inneutral condition.

For fastening the keys I26 to said shaft 99, they have hubs 244. Theloose arms I00 are each retained between a companion key I26 and acollar 245 fastened to said shaft 99.

Power for rocking the main shaft 99 of the state-setting mechanism, atthe cycling of the machine, is derived from horizontal cross-shaft I33,which, at the forward stroke of the general operator (60, 65), is givena half-revolution in one direction, and at the rearward stroke of saidgeneral operator is given another half-revolution in the same direction.The means for so operating shaft I33 includes two pawls and twosingle-toothed ratchets, and gear-trains to drive the pawls from pinions10 that mesh with the racks 65, as set forth in said co-pendingapplication No. 324,353.

The main rock-shaft 99 receives its motions through an arm I 55 thereon,said arm being connected by a rearward link I56 to a power-head I51,which is reciprocated by said power-shaft I33. The head I51, the linkI56 and the arm I55 are driven rearwardly at the first half-revolutionof shaft I33, and are driven forwardly at the second half-revolution ofsaid shaft I33.

It will be appreciated that the movements of rock-shaft 99 occur beforethe dials are rotated by the register-racks at the cycling operation.Hence said power-head I51 is so driven by timing cams as to operatequickly the main rock-shaft 99 in advance of the rotation of the addingpinions, and to hold said main rock-shaft 99 stationary during therotation of the dials, and then quickly to return the rock-shaft 99 inadvance of the return of the register-bars 4| and their racks 89 tonormal positions.

For these purposes, the sliding head I51 is operated by a roller-studI58, which is driven rearwardly by cam I59 fixed on shaft I33.. The studand head are then held in normal positions by a dwell-portion I 60 ofthe cam, during operuse.

ation of the register-bars M and pinions 88, and until the completion ofthe half-revolution of shaft I33. Then a companion cam I6I strikes acompanion roll I62 on said head I51, and quickly drives the headforwardly to return the rockshaft 99 to normal position ahead of thereturn of register-bars 4|; the parts being then maintained in normalpositions by a dwell-portion I63 on the cam.

The cams are so formed as to avoid backlash of the head I51. Said headslides partly upon a square collar I64 that is loose upon the shaft I33and partly upon cross-shaft 68; the head having a horizontal slot at I66to ride upon the latter.

From the foregoing it will be understood that when the cycling operation(set forth in application No. 324,353) has been started, and the generaloperator frame 60, 65 has advanced a. little, and the timing shaft I33has started to rotate, the main rock-shaft 99 is immediately rockedrearwardly, thereby depressing one or more arms I00 or lifting one ormore bails I29, or depressing one and lifting another, as may bedetermined by the operator, and accordingly shifting the pinion-framesindividually either backward or downward, to shift the pinions into meshwith either the idle gears or the racks 89, for either subtraction oraddition in the different registers selectively at the continuance ofthe cycling operation.

The main rock-shaft 99 is maintained in effective position during theforward drive of the racks 89; but at the start of the return stroke ofthe cycling frame 60, 65 during which the shaft I 33 is driven anadditional half-revolution, said shaft I33 returns the main rock-shaft99 and its parts to normal positions, withdrawing the pinions from thegears 90 and the racks 89, so that the dials 40 remain stationary whilethe registerbars 4| return to normal positions at the conclusion of thecycling operation.

The setting of the coupler to addition, subtraction or neutral may beeffected by a statesetter in the form of a slide 33!, the same being ahorizontal transverse plate on edge and co-operative with the coupler,the latter having a pendent lug 332 fitting in a notch 333 in thestate-setter 33I, so that the latter may adjust the coupler from left toright.

Various trains or devices are illustrated for r operating thestate-controlling slides 33I. Some of these devices are controllable bythe typewriter-carriage 34, and some are controllable manually.

As set forth in'said pending application No. 472,610, whenever thecarriage advances to a point for typing any column on the work-sheet,the carriage automatically determines which register or registers are tobe brought into use for accumulating the amount that is to be typed inthat column. After the amount is typed, it is run into the selectedregisters, and various parts then return to normal positions preparatoryto the advance of the carriage to the next column or computing zone,whereupon the carriage again determines which registers are to bebrought into The number of columns on the work-sheet is not limited bythe number of registers. There may be either a single column, or twocolumns, or any number of columns up to the capacity of the work-sheet;and the carriage at the time of typing in every column willautomatically select and bring into use the necessary registers, givingdifferent selections for different columns.

Upon the rack I of the carriage may be seen an adjustable dog or stop345 which performs a number of functions. It is used for decimaltabulating of the carriage, and is also used for se- 5 lecting thedenominations at the indexing operations that are performed by thenumeral-keys,

and it is also used for selecting the register or registers that are tobe brought into play in any column; and the present invention disclosescertain other uses, which will appear farther on.

, This dog 345 has one or more'register-selecting teeth 346, each ofwhich is set to position for depressing one of the sets ofregister-selecting slides 341. There is one.of these slides for each oneof the four registers; and the selection may be made at each column thatis typed upon the sheet, that is, at each computing zone into which thecarriage enters. Each dog 345 may have a tooth or teeth 346, in positionto engage any one or more register-selecting slides 341. There is onedog 345 for every column on the work-sheet, and each dog has its ownsetting of teeth 346, and the dogs are adjustable to accord with thepositions of the columns on the work-sheet, all of which is set forth insaid application No. 472,610.

The register-selecting slide 341, upon being depressed, pushes down arod 343, to depress the rear end of a ball or lever which is mountedupon a shaft 349, Figure 2. The forward arm 349 of said lever lifts alink 350, which connects it to a bail 342, thereby raising the bail,together with the set of coupler-pins 54, to enable them to displace theregister-bars 4|, as already explained.

At this point there is performed a. novel function of said carriage-dog345, inasmuch as the raising of the bail 342 operates to lift a latch335, which hooks over said ball at 343. There is one of these latchesfor every bail 342. The lifting of the latch 335 withdraws it from anotch 336, with the result that the machine is set for addition in theregister that is selected. Hence, at every column or computing zone,addition can be effected in the selected register or registers,according to the raising of the latches 335, whose control over thesetting of the dial-pinions will presentlybe explained, as will also themanner whereby the latches are returned to normal positions, preparatoryto selected release thereof in the next computing zone.

Each latch 335 normally holds back a forwardly-extending rod 331, whichis urged forwardly by a spring 333, and carries at its front end acam-head 339. This head has a composite cam 340, to engage a lug 34Iwhich projects from the bottom edge of the state-setting slide 33I.

This moves said slide and causes it to thrust the coupler I23 along themain rock-shaft 99 to addition-position, as shown at the first and thirdcam-heads 339 at Figure 6. There is one of the 0 rods 331 (and one ofthe latches 335) for each of the four registers 40. The latches 335 areselectively withdrawn every time by the typewritercarriage, as thelatter enters successive computing zones; the carriage causing the bail342 to lift the coupler-pins 54 from normal position of disuse at Figure2 to the position of use shown for the two right-hand bails at Figure 6.

The latch 335 being thus raised by the bail 342 of the carriage-selectedregister, the rod 331 steps forward, as explained, for setting theselected register mechanism to addition; the lug I25 being thus broughtover the depressible arm I03, so that when the main rock-shaft 99 isrocked during the cycling operation, said lug I25 depresses the arm I33and engages the pinions 33 directly with the racks 39, for theperformance of addition at the next cycling stage.

It will be understood that the lifting of a latch 335 by means of a bail342 permits the spring 333 to pull the cam-head 339 forwardly enough tocause the state-setting slide 33I to be moved towards the right by theaddition-cam 35I. All cams terminate ,in dwell-portions, so that thestate-setting slides or heads 33I are locked against accidentaldisplacement in all positions.

The state-setter 33I and the coupler I23 may be set to subtraction bythe aid of a subtractionkey 334, Figures 1 and 6, at the front of themachine.

Between the subtraction-key and the statesetter 33I works a train thatco-operates with the key and with the state-setter, and also with thecarriage 34 of the typewriter.

The cam-rods 331 have normally limited forward motion, becauselongitudinal slots 352 in their rear ends are partly occupied lengthwiseby rear stops 353. These rear stops 353, however, may be withdraw by thesubtraction-key 334, which rocks a cross-shaft 354 having arms 355 towhich are pivoted the upper ends of the rear stops 353, so that thelatter may be all withdrawn at the operation of the subtraction-key. The

springs 338 may therefore give the rods 331 fullforward strokes. Eachrod and cam-head 339 therefore first shifts the state-setter 33I idly towards the right, and then shifts it to its extreme leftward position,and then locks it by means of the dwell-portion of the slot. At thistime, the subtraction-finger I23 of the coupler extends beneath thesubtraction-bail I29, thereby coupling the latter to the main rock-shaft99, for the purpose of thrusting back the pinion-frame 92 to mesh thepinions with the idle gears 90, to effect subtraction during the cyclingoperation.

The subtraction-key 334 is shown at Figure 1 in its operated rearposition, having tensioned its return spring 356. The rear end of thekeystem has vibrated a lever 351, and the latter has operated uponrock-arm 353 upon the transverse shaft 354, to raise all of the rearstops 353 connected to said shaft. A latch 359 engages another arm 363to maintain the parts (Figure 1) in set positions.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that operation of the key 334, as atFigure 1, will withdraw all of the rear latches 353, thus leaving thecamrods 331 under the domination of the springs 333 and the severalregister latches 335, so that whenever the paper-carriage calls anyregister into use, its latch 335 will be raised and thereby release thecam-rod 331 for movement to its extreme forward or subtraction position,with a pin 36I standing in rear of a bar 36", Figure 6, which is usedfor restoring the rods 331,

As it may still be desired to add certain amounts in some registers,there is provided for each of the registers a manual state-controller.This has the form of a key 362 provided upon the forward end of ahorizontally swinging lever 363, and having a tooth 365 to enter any ofthe notches 366 in a plate 361, Figures 2, 4 and 11, provided upon thefront of a fixed bracket 363, Figure 4. At its rear end said lever 363is loosely pivoted by bent fingers 369 in a stop-arm 310, the latterbeing pivoted at 31I upon the top portion of the bracket 363, the leftend of said lever carrying a stop 312 into the path of the cam-head 339,to intercept the latter, as it is being pulled forward by its spring333. The pointof arrest of the cam-head depends upon which of thenotches 366 is being occupied by the detent 365, as determined by thesetting of the selective state-selecting key 362. There are three ofsaid notches, so that said key can be positioned for either neutral,addition or subtraction, thus setting stop 312 at any one of threearresting positions.

If the key 362 is adjusted to the extreme right, then its stop 312occupies the extreme forward position, as seen near the left in Figure11, and hence the cam-head and rod are permitted to make a full forwardstroke when the paper-carriage releases the latch 335. The composite cam35I, during such full stroke, vibrates the statesetting slide 33I firstidly to the right, and then to the left, with the tooth 34I occupyingthe dwell or lock portion at the inner end of the cam, as seen at thelower right-hand corner of Figure 6. By this movement, the coupler I23will be shifted to the extreme left, with the lifting finger I28 ineffective position beneath the subtraction bail I29, so that the latter,during the ensuing cycling operation, will thrust back the links I06 andthe pinion-frame 92, to mesh the pinions with the idle or subtractiongears 90, as seen at the middle portion of Figure 11.

If, however, the state-selecting key 362 is set to midway position, thenits stop 312 will be held in a midway position, as seen at the extremeleft of Figure 6, so that the rod 331 and its cam-head 339 will beintercepted by the stop 312 by the thrust the state-setting slide 33I tothe right; and in this position the slide 33I is locked by the midwaydwell in the cam 340. At this time, the coupler I23 is in the extremeright-hand position, with the subtraction-finger I 28 occupying an idleposition under the notch I30 in the subtraction bail I29, and the lugI25 is overlying the addition-arm I00, as will be evident from Figure 4.Thus, at the next cycling operation, the rocking of the main shaft 99will depress said addition-arm I00, to carry down the pinion-frame 92,bringing the pinions into direct mesh with the drive racks 89, Figure12.

There is one state-selecting key 362 for every register, and it will beunderstood that, for some work, these may be all set as required at thebeginning of the typing of a page of computation; and that, wheneverrequired during the typing of the page, the setting of any key may bevaried to cause subtraction of an amount in an addition column, or viceversa, or to prevent computation of an amount umn, or to causecomputation of an amount in a neutral column.

If the operator sets a 362 If, however, the operator chooses to firstpress the general subtraction-key 334, any selected register will becomeconditioned for subtraction as soon as the selecting key 362 therefor isset for subtraction. It will be understood that where the subtractionkey334 is the first to be operated, the parts operated thereby are latchedby 359, to permit a state-selecting key 362 to be set to subtraction,whereby the register will be conditioned for subtraction.'

The latch 359 having done its work may as well be released,and-according to one feature of the present invention the beginning ofthe forward stroke of the general operator may be utilized forautomatically releasing this latch 359, and it is held released untilthe latched parts have returned to their normal positions.

In one of the side bars of the general operator, there is thereforeprovided a notch 28I to be normally occupied by a roll 282, carried by alever 283, which is rocked when the general operator side bar 65 forcesthe roll out of the notch. A pin 284 on the lever lifts a cam 285 on thelatch 359, thereby releasing the arm 360 and the rockshaft 354, which isreturned to normal position by a spring 286. The rear latches are thuspermitted to drop into the notches 352 when the rods 331 are returned.The roll 282 may run idly upon the edge of the bar 65; but upon thecompletion of the return stroke of the general operator a spring 313forces the roll 282 back into notch 28I, in readiness for the nextunlatching operation.

It has already been explained that the shaft I33 is given half arevolution at the forward stroke of the general operator, and anadditional half a revolution on the return stroke of the generaloperator, for the purpose of operating the mechanism which shifts thedial-pinions to addition or subtraction position. The same shaft I33 isalso used for restoring to normal positions the rods 331, and their cams339, this restoration taking place after every computation.

Upon the onerevolution shaft I33 are cams 314, which raise rollers 315that are pivoted upon bell-cranks having pendent arms 316, which thrustrearwardly links 311, the latter being fastened at their rear ends tocross-bar 36W, which is universal to the cam-rods 331. This universalbar 36I sweeps rearwardly and picks up all of the pins 36I upon saidcam-rods, and thereby addition-controlling latches 335 to be moved downinto their notches 336 by means of springs 318, Figure 2, preparaforenabling the It has alv of a tooth 346 that is set in an adjustablecarriage-dog 345, the carriage 34 is enabled, when computing in eachcolumn on the work-sheet, to predetermine into which register orregisters the typed amount the work-sheet, it is automaticallydetermined by the carriage into which registers each amount will beentered. For example, the separate amounts typed in one line in each often difierent columns may all be entered in one register, thus givingcross-addition. As another example, every amount that is typed in thefirst three columns may be run into one register, and every amountwritten that is typed in the next three columns may be entered into thesecond register, and every amount written in the next three columns maybe entered into the third register, and every amount written in the lastthree columns may be entered into the fourth register, thus givingquadruple cross-addition. Or every amount that is typed in one columnmay be entered in only one register, thus giving vertical addition;while amounts written in other columns may be cross-added; and oneregister may also be reserved for securing a grand total of allcomputations.

It will be remembered that when any of the selected bails 342 is liftedby the action of a camtooth 345" on the carriage, the addition-latch 335is lifted by said ball and is withdrawn from the notch 335 in thecam-rod 331, so that the spring 338 may pull forward the cam-rod toaddition position; but the rod is stopped at this point by the rearlatch 353, which remains in the notch.

Provision is also made whereby the carriage may withdraw all the rearlatches 353, to set the machine automatically for subtraction.

Set into said carriage-dog 345 there is shown at Figure 2 a specialsubtraction-tooth 388, Figure '1, which operates a specialsubtraction-plate 319, similar to 341. Plate 319, when depressed bytooth 388, presses down a rod 381 that resembles 348, but is twisted atits lower end and pivoted to a crank-arm 382 on rock-shaft 383, whichhas an arm 384, Figure '1, to which is pivoted the inner end of ahorizontal latch 385. This latch is therefore withdrawn by the action ofthe carriage on the plate 319, and permits a bell-crank 386 to be rockedabout its pivot 381 by means of a spring 388. A pin 389 on saidbell-crank operates a cam-arm 398 upon the shaft 354, to rock the latterin a manner to lift all the subtractionlatches 353 up out of the notches352 in their cam-rods 331. Said latches are, held up as long as thecam-tooth 388 on the carriage holds down the subtraction-slide 319, thatis, during the entire typing of an amount in the column on theworksheet.

It will be seen that when the subtraction-shaft 354 is rocked by thesubtraction cam-tooth 388, the same result is gained as when said shaftis rocked by the general subtraction-key 334; the shaft 354 in each casebecomes detained by the latch 359, prior to the initial movement of thecycling mechanism. However, the latch 359 may be idle so long as thecarriage-tooth 358 is holding down the subtraction-plate 319, but it isuseful when the key 334 is brought into use for setting to subtraction.

From the foregoing it will be seen that at every column, that is inevery computing zone, regardless of the number of registers, thecarriage determines in how many and which registers computation is totake place, and it is also automatically determined that they shall alloperate additively, unless there has been provided in the dog 345 forthat zone a subtraction cam-tooth 388, to operate the subtraction-plate319, in which case the amount written in that column will be runsubtractively into every selected register, providing that the variouskeys 352 occupy subtraction positions. It will also beperceived thatregardless of the setting of 352 to subtraction, addition will beperformed if the subtractiontooth 388 is omitted for that zone. I

It will be seen that when the spring 388 pulls down the arm 385, thelatter is arrested by a stop 39I, with the arm 385 lying in the path ofthe withdrawn latch 385, so that the latter cannot be restored by itsspring 392 when the carriagecontrolled plate 319 is to be lifted.However, when cross-bar 58 of the general operator travels forwardly, itengages a cam 393 on an am 394 75 of the bell-crank lever 385, andforces said lever to vibrate, thereby-lifting the arm 385 up out of thepath of latch 385, so that the lattermay be restored to the right by thespring 392, Figure 7, while the spring 388 holds the arm 385. down uponsaid latch 335, thus bringing the plate 319 to position to be operatedby the cam-tooth .388 upon the succeeding carriage-dog 345.

If it is desired that in any zone or column position neither additionnor subtraction shall be performed in any register or registers, thecamtooth 345 may be omitted from the dog 345 for that zone, so that theballs at: will not be elevated, and motion of the coupling pins 54 willbe idle.

If, during the time when the state of the computing mechanism is beingcontrolled automatically by the carriage, it should be desired toprevent an amount from being run into any register, then key 352 forsaid register may be shifted to neutral position. The arm 312 willoccupy the rearmost dotted-line position at Figure 11, thus preventingthe cam-rod from being advanced from it's normal neutral positlom Thekey 352 is capable of forcibly returning its camrod to rearmostposition. The key 352 may then be reset to subtraction. All of -thesekeys may stand idly at subtraction when the state of the computingmechanism is being dominated by the carriage.

As the carriage enters each zone, it is automatically determined whichtotalizers are to operate, and whether each one is to add or subtract.The setting is again eifected for everw column on the work-sheet, thatis, for every computing zone. The keys 352 are for the registers, notfor the columns.

Connected to each bar 331 is a signal 395, which is visible through asight-opening 395 in the casing of the machine, and has a vertical arbor391, provided at its lower end with a crank-arm 398, having a wrist-pin399 connected by a link 412, Figure 8, to the cam-bar 331. The cam-barwill thus rock the arm 388 and the signal 395, to indicate whether theregister is set for addition, subtraction or neutral; this indicatio'nbeing independent of the setting of the key 352. All of the keys 362 mayin some instances be set for subtraction, while, in fact, eitheraddition, subtraction or neutral may be the rule for certain registersin certain columns; so the operator need not consult the keys 352, butwill be governed by the signals 395.

The usual key 488 that operates a clearanceprinting mechanism is thesame type as is disclosed in the patent to Hoyt, 1,256,309, of February12, 1918. Feelers 48l, Figure 5, may fall into a row of deep notches 482in the addin pinions 88, and the bail 483, which normally locks thestar-key 488, may be withdrawn to a key-releasing position by spring484. The bail swings back out of the path of a nose 485 on the top ofkey-shank 485.

The gang of adding wheels and dials is movable from n rmal position,either rearwardly or downwardly, and such movement is governed by thestate-setting slides 33!, one of which is shown at midway position atFigure 5, with a notch 481 in register with a shoulder 488 on the key,thus affording a clearance to permit the key to be depressed. The bail483 is mounted upon the movable dial-frame 92, so as to move backwardlyor downwardly therewith; but at such times the star-printing key 488 isinoperable, because the notch 481 will be out of register with thelocking shoulder 488 on the key-shank.

the cross-bar 60 Hence, said key can be depressed only when the nose 405and bail 403 are out of co-operative relation, as shown at Figure 5, andwhen all of the feelers 40| occupy the large notches 402 in the wheels.

The further advantage is gained by the novel star-key construction, inthat when the general operator or cycling mechanism is called intooperation by the star-key, it might happen that an index-pin 42'standsdepressed, and conse' quently its register-bar 4| will be advanced bythe general operator at 60. The number represented by said pin, however,is not carried into the register, since the latter must stand in normalneutral position (Figure 5) before the starkey 400 can be depressed andcause the general operator to cycle. Hence, no number can be run intothe register at this time, even though a pin 42 remains depressed. Thestar-key has the usual stem 409, to operate the usual arm M0 and shaft4, to control the printing of the star-type and to bring the generaloperator into action.

. Figures and 16 show details of the carrying mechanism which operateson the pin-bars 4| to effect extra carrying steps of the same beyond theadvance effected by the forward stroke of the general-operator cross-bar60. Inasmuch as said mechanism is fully described in the aforesaidapplication No. 601,173, the following brief description is given toindicate generally the operation of said mechanism.

Each dial-wheel 40 has a carrying tooth I15, which, in the rotation ofthe wheel to or past its zero-position, rocks a lever I16 to raise theforward end of an elongate latch I11 normally latched over a bar I18.Said latch thus raised escapes from said bar I 18, and pulled by aspring I19 moves forwardly to rock a. lever I80, fulcrumed on a rod I8|and pivotally attached to said latch at I82. Said rocked lever I80,provided with a stud I 83, will thus have moved said stud rearwardlyintercept a downwardly-extending arm I84 of a lever I85, fulcrumed onthe general-operator cross-bar 60 at I86, and rock said lever I85, tothereby move a finger I81 thereof forwardly as completes its forwardstroke.

Forward movement of the latch I11 is limited by abutment of its attachedlever I80 with a rod I88. When no carrying operation takes place, thelever I85 is in the position seen in Figure 3, wherein its finger I 81abuts the generaloperator cross-bar 60 upon engagement of said fingerwith a depressed index-pin 42. It will be understood also that when nocarrying operation takes place and when the general operator 60 is atthe end of its forward stroke, the arm I84 of the lever I85 will justabut the stud I83, which, with the latch 11 caught over the bar I18,will be in its normal forward position. For each dialwheel 40 from whicha carrying transfer is to be madeto .the wheel of next higherdenomination, there extends one of the carrying trains just described.Each latch I11 has a rearward extension I89 which serves as an overthrowstop for the pin-bar 4|, as will be evident from Figures 3, l5 and 16,wherein it is shown that the depressed pin 42 is held between the fingerI81 and said extension I89 as the cross-bar'60 reaches the end of itsforward movement. The latch-bar I18 is moved forwardly, whereupon theescaped latches I11 will again be caught thereon, said forward movementtaking place during the re-' turn stroke of the cross-bar 60, inasmuchas all from its normal position to fastened to comb-plates the carryingoperations precede said return stroke. During the denominationalselection of the pin-bars 4| as effected by the carriage, the

latch-bar I18 remains in such position that there is enough room betweenthe extensions I89 and the first index-pin 42, which, as shown in saidapplication No. 601,173, is the zero-pin, and which isnormallydepressed, said zero-pin becoming automatically raised upondepression of ahigher pin. At the beginning of a cycling operation, thelatch-bar I18 of each register, with all the latches caught thereon, ismoved rearwardly, thereby bringing the extensions I89 rearwardly, sothat the front faces of the depressed zero-pins just touch saidextensions. For moving the several latch-bars I18, the generaloperatorcross-shaft 68 is employed and accordingly carries a pair of cams I90 tooperate slides I9I, to which said latch-bars I18 are operativelyconnected.

At the end of each computing cycle restoration of all the depressedsignificant pins 42 is effected by operation of a universal bail (notshown), provided for each set of pin-bars and operating to reset all thezero-pins in the manner set forth in application No. 324,353.

It will be seen from Figure 2 that the universal bar 36 that restoresthe cam-rods 331 has advanced forwardly again before the end of thecomputing cycle and after having restored said cam-rods. This permitssaid cam-rods 331 to assume their carriage-selected state-determiningpositions as soon as the carriage enters a computing zone. The cams 314are formed and timed accordingly. To secure non-skewing movement of theuniversal bar 36h, there are provided two of said cams 314 andcorresponding arms 316, each of the latter being pivotally mounted upontwo of the fixed dial-frame guide-plates 96 that rise from the frameworkof the machine. The universal member 3I5| rests upon the cam-rods 331and is retained laterally and against upward displacement by headedshoulder-screws I95 in its ends which abut the outer edges of the outercam-bars 331. Each of the links 311, connected to said universal bar36H, is urged forwardly by a spring I96, which also serves to keep thecam-roll 315 at all times against its cam 314. The forward end of saidspring may be anchored to the crossmember 91 of the framework, Figure 2.

The upper ends of the addition-latches 335 may be retained in slottedguides I91, Figure 2, I98, in which the rear ends of the pin-bars 4| arespaced and guided, said comb-plates having openings I99, Figure 6, whichafford clearances for the ends of the couplers 54, and the lower edgesof which limit the downward movements of the latches 335, the latterbeing provided with projections 200 which may abut said edges. At theirlower ends the addition-latches 335 and also the subtractionlatches 353are guided and retained in pairs in plates I, Figures 2 and 6, saidplates abutting bosses formed on the bottom of a rear crossmember 202 ofthe framework. The corresponding cam-rod 331 may closely underlie eachplate 20I, Figure 10, and may be supported by headed shoulder-screws203, which secure said plate 20I to the cross-member 202, and whoseshoulders and heads abut the side edges of the cam-rod 331 to retain thelatter.

The transverse subtraction-shaft 354 may have a stop-arm 204, Figure 6,to limit its latch-withdrawing rotation by abutting with one of thecomb-plates I98. A center bearing 205 for said member 91 is the anglebar or bracket 368, se-

cured at its front ends to said member by screws 2I0. To the front faceof said bracket the notched plates 361 for locating the manualstatesetting levers in their different positions are secured by screws2I I. Each lever 363, articulated with the stop-arm 310, may beyieldably held against the saw-tooth station notches of its plate 361 bya spring 209, Figure 4, which may be anchored to said bracket 368. i

The cross-member 91 has near its ends forwardly-extending bosses 2 I2,from the front faces of which there is spaced, by collars 2I3, a plate2, which spans the pair of said bosses 2I2 to slidably support theseveral state-setting slides 33I. The latter have slots 2I5, theouterslots of the slides for the outer registers slidably fitting saidcollars 213, Figure 4. The other slots 2I5 of the several slides 33I mayfit over collars 2I6 retained by broad headed screws 2I1 against theplate 2I4, said screws also slidably retaining the slides 33I againstsaid plate, Figure 11.

Intermediate bosses 2I8 extending from cross- 3 member 91 may embracethe plate 2I4. Said plate 2l4 also has slots 2I9'for slidablysupporting'the front ends of the cam-rods 331, said slots fitting thecam-heads 339 of said rods.

Each dial-frame subtraction shifting bail formed by the arms I05 and barI29 is retained lengthwise on the rock-shaft 99 by the key I26,

which, it will be remembered, is fastened to saidrock-shaft. Said keyI26 has a tongue 220 fitting and normally abutting the bottom of a slotHI in the bail-bar I29. Said tongue thus also serves to reverse the bailwhen the dials 40 are to be shifted forwardly to unmesh them from theidle gears 90. The left arm I05 of each bail has a tongue 222, whichregisters with a 'clearance slot 223 in the state-setting slide 33I whenthe latter is set at subtraction, said slot then permitting operation ofthe bail as seen at the right-hand register in Figure 11. With thestate-setting slide at neutral, as seen at the left-hand register,Figure 11. the bail is locked by abutment of its tongue 222 with the topedge of the slide 33I. Said edge may, if desired, be extended to theleft to also lock the bail during addition. This extension is deemedunnecessary, however, inasmuch as shoulder-screws 224,

which secure the dial-arbor 9I to the dial-shifting frame 92, and whichproject beyond the sides of said frame, enter vertical notches 225 inthe outer guide-plates 96 of said frame during addition. Said notchesthus prevent rearward displacement of the frame during addition.Similarly, horizontal notches 226 embrace the shoulder-screws 224 whenthe dial-frame is shifted rearwardly to mesh with the idle gears 90 forsubtraction and prevent downward displacement of said frame while thedials are so meshed. The notches 225, 226 may be open as indicated inthe drawings, in order to facilitate removal 75 and replacement of thecomputing-pinion frame 92, the slots I02 of the latter being also openfor this purpose.

With the machine at normal, the dial frames are upheld by studs 221which project from the keys I26 that are fastened to the rock-shaft 99,said studs abutting the lower edges of the dialframe-shiftingaddition-arms I00. Said studs 221 also serve to enable said keys I26 toswing said arms I00 reversely when the dial-pinions 40 are to beunmeshed from the racks 89. when the rock-shaft 99 is actuated to meshthe dials 40 for subtraction, the studs 221, being on the keys I26 thatare fastened to said rock-shaft, recede fromthe arms I00. For upholdingthe dial-wheel frames until their shoulder-studs 224 are properly withinthe notches 226, there are provided springs 229, Figure 11, one at eachside of each frame 92. The lower end of each spring 229 is attached to astud 230, which normally abuts a piece 23I to limit upwardimovement ofthe frame and which is adiustably fastened to the side plate 96 by ascrew 232. Said piece 23I has a lug 233, to which the upper end of thespring 229 is anchored. Another lug 234 abuts the front edge of theplate 96 to prevent rotation of the piece 23I when the screw 232 isloosened.

Each vertical signal-arbor 391 may be journaled in a bracket 236, Figure8, which may be secured to the plate 2.

The spring 286 coiled around the subtractioncross-shaft 354 has one endanchored to a collar 240 fastened to said shaft. The other end of saidspring reacts against an arm 2 loose on said shaft which, in turn,reacts against the pin 389 of the bell-crank 386, which, it will beremembered, is released by the carriage to rock said shaft to withdrawthe subtraction-stops 353 for releasing cam-rods 331.

It will be seen from Figure 3 that said bellcrank 386 is restored by thegeneral operator before said cam-rods 331 are restored. Consequently,the loose arm 2 is displaced and the tension of said spring 286 becomespotentially effective to rotate the shaft 354 inasmuch as in therestoration of said bell-crank 386, its pin 389 has reached from thecam-arm 390. Thus, as soon as cam-rods 331 are restored, the latches 353will re-enter the notches 352 under the influence of said spring 286. Bythis arrangement said spring 286 does not oppose the spring 388 when thelatter rotates the bell-crank. As

'shown in Figure 6, theloose arm 2 may be retained between the cam-arm338 and a block 342 fastened to said shaft and separated from said arm390 by the spacer 243,said block and collarbeing omitted from Figures 2,3 and 9 for clearness.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a computing machine, the combination with a set of computingpinions, drive-racks therefor, a set of idlers meshed with said racks, ageneral operator, and a carriage, of 'means to selectively mesh thecomputing pinions to the racks or idlers during the cycling of thegeneral operator, a releasable spring-pressed state-controller for saidmeshing means, means controlled by said carriage to release saidcontroller to different extents to predetermine whether the pinions areto be meshed with the racks or idlers, and manually-operable means foreffecting a shift of said controller, before the cycling operation, to aposition other mined by said carriage.

2. In a computing machine, the combination with a set of computingpinions, actuators therefor, said pinions normally disengaged from saidactuators, the latter being arranged to perform addition or subtraction,a carriage and cycling mechanism, of a state-controller releasable todifferent positions to determine adding or subtracting engagement ofsaid pinions, means controlled by said carriage to release saidcontroller, said controller and releasing means arranged so that saidcontroller may assume its selected state-determining position as soon asthe carriage enters a computing zone and before operation of the cyclingmechanism, and means connected to said cycling mechanism to restore saidcontroller, said restoring means timed to recede from said controller,after having restored the same, tov permit said controller to assume asubsequent state-determining position as soon as the carriage entersanother computing zone. I

Y 3. In a computing machine, the combination with a set of computingpinions and actuators therefor, arranged to perform addition orsubtraction, said pinions normally disengaged from said actuators, of aspring-pressed state-conthan the one detertroller for determining addingand subtracting engagement of said pinions, a pair of latches,

'30 one of which normally holds said controller in neutral position,said latches arranged so that the withdrawal of said one latch willpermit said controller to assume an adding position and so that thereleasing of both latches will permit said controller to assumea'subtracting position, and means for restoring said controller.

4. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of sets ofcomputing pinions and sets of actuators therefor, arranged for addition40 or subtraction, said pinions normally disengaged from said actuators,of a spring-pressed statecontroller individual to-each set of pinionsfor determining adding or subtracting engagement of said pinions, a pairof latches for each con- 45 troller, one of said latches normallyholdingthe controller in neutral position, said latches arranged so thatthe withdrawal of said one latch permits said controller to assume anadding position against the other latch, the withdrawal of 50 bothlatches permitting said controller to assume a subtracting position,means whereby the carriage as it enters a computing zone withdraws theaddition-latches selectively, and manually-operable means whereby theseveral sub- 55 traction-latches are withdrawn simultaneously.

5. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality of sets ofcomputing pinions and 70 a subtracting position, means whereby thecarriage as it enters a computing zone withdraws the addition-latchesselectively, and means controlled by said carriage whereby all thesubtraction-latches are withdrawn simultaneously,

75 thereby causing the controllers whose adding latches have beenreleased to assume subtracting positions.

6. In a computing machine, the combination of a set of dial-wheels,actuators for said dialwheels, said wheels normally disengaged from 5said actuators, a member spanning said wheels and controlled thereby toassume one position when all the wheels stand at zero and anotherposition when one or more wheels are not at .zero, a key locked by saidmember when the latl0 ter is in said other position, said key operablewhen said member is in the first-mentioned position, a frame in whichsaid wheels and member are mounted, and means for shifting said frame toengage the wheels with the actuators, said 15 means including a shifterconnected to said frame, said shifter arranged to lock said key when theframe is shifted to engage the dialwheels with the actuators.

7. The combination of a general operator, a 20 plurality of sets ofdrive-racks operable thereby, each set having indexing mechanism, a setof idlers connected to each set of drive-racks, a plurality of sets ofcomputing pinions normally out of mesh with racks and idlers, either setof 25 pinions being shiftable into mesh with either its associated racksor its associated idlers independently of the other set of pinions, tocause tor to effect addition in one set of pinions and shifting saidpinions and for returning the same 8. The combination of a generaloperator, a plurality of sets of drive-racks operable thereby, each sethaving indexing mechanism, a set of idlers connected to each set ofdrive-racks, a plutary shaft and connecting trainfor transversely 9. Ina computing machine having a letterfeeding carriage andcarriage-operated denomithrough said coupling device. 10. In a computingmachine having a letter feeding carriage and carriage-operateddenomination-selecting trains, the combination of a set of computingpinions, indexable drivers therefor, a carriage-controlled device forcoupling said denomination-selecting trains to said drivers said pinionsand drivers in different ways for different computing states, aspring-pressed computing-state controller shiftable different extentsfor selectively'conditioning said pinion and driver connecting means, alatch restraining said state-controller, said latch being releasable bysaid carriage through said coupling device, and a stop coacting withsaid state-controller upon release of said latch to determine one of thecomputing states.

11. Machine constructed according to claim 10, in which said stop isremovable at will in conjunction with the release of said latch, toenable said state-controller to determine a different computing state.

12. Machine constructed according to claim 10 having means controlled bysaid carriage, for withdrawing said stop in conjunction with the releaseof the latch thereby to determine a differ- D ent computing state. 4

13. In a combined typewriting and computing machine having a pluralityof registers, a letterfeeding carriage and a carriage-operated trunksetof denomination-selecting trains ramifying to 5 the several registers,the combination of a plurality of sets of computing pinions, a pluralityof sets of individually indexable drivers therefor operative to drivethe pinions reversibly, individual carriage-controlled devices forselectively coupling the sets of drivers to corresponding branches ofthe denomination-selecting trains,

a general operator for said drivers, individual controlling meansasssociated with each set of computing pinions, selectively co-operablewith 35 the general operator, for determining engagement with thedrivers and the direction of driving of the computing pinions, anindividual springpressed state-controller being associated with each setof computing pinions and its said con- 40 trolling means, an individuallatch for restraining each state-controller, the several latches beingconnected so as to be selectively releasable by the carriage, by meansof said carriage-controlled coupling devices, and a stop coacting with45 each state-controller upon the release of its latch to determine oneof the computing states.

14. Machine constructed according to claiml3 in which eacnstate-controller when restrained by the latch determinesnon-co-operation of said 50 controlling means with the general operator,to

determine non-engagement of the associated computing pinions with theirdrivers during the general-operator cycle; said stop upon release of thelatch by means of the corresponding carriage- 55 controlled couplingdevice, limiting the resulting state-controller shift to determineadditive driving of the pinions; said stop being releasable to permitfurther shift of the state-controller to reverse the pinions.

15. In a computing machine having a set of computing wheels, thecombination with a set of racks and idlers meshing with the racks, fordriving the wheels reversely, and a general operator for advancing andreturning the racks, of 5;, mechanism whereby the general operator mayshift the pinions inrelatively transverse directions for engagement witheither the racks or the idlers, said mechanism including a shaftoperable by the general operator to rock intermittent- :0 ly in oppositedirections prior, respectively, to the advance-and return of the racks,two pinionshlfters individually loose on said shaft, a clutchelementsplined to said shaft to separately engage either shifter, and a movablemounting for 75 said pinions arranged and connected to said shifters, toshift the pinions in either direction, gliiggident upon which shifter isclutched to said 16. Machine constructed according to claim 15, themounting including a frame having the computing pinions at the frontthereof, the shaft extending crosswise in front of said frame, the racksbeing under, and the idlers being behind, the pinions, one of therockableshifters extending horizontally from the shaft and beingoperatively connected to the front part of the frame, the connectionbeing arranged to also support the frame at its front for free rearwardand forward movement effected by rocking of the other shifter, thelatter extending vertically from the shaft, said frame being supportedat its rear for said horizontal movement, the rear support also forminga pivoting device about which the frame is swung toward and from theracks by the rocking of said horizontal shifter, the vertical shifterhaving a connection to said frame arranged to freely permit said swing.

17. Machine constructed according to claim 15 and including astate-determining member movable transversely of said shaft and having acam, and an intermediate member mounted formovement parallel to saidshaft and articulated to the clutch-element so as to permit rocking ofthe latter, said intermediate member enabling the state-determiningmember, by means of its cam, which engagessaid intermediate member, toset the rockable clutch-element.

18. In a computing machine having a carriage, the combination with a setof computing pinions, drivers for driving the pinions in one directionfor addition, and in reverse direction for subtraction, and a generaloperator for the drivers, of a spring-driven differentially-movablestate-determining member, means controlled by the diflerential movementof said member, for enabling the general operator to connect the pinionsand drivers for driving the pinions reversibly, latching meansrestraining said member and differentially operable by the carriage asit enters a computing zone to release said member, the latter arrangedto respond to said release by immediate movement of an extent dependenton the kind of computation repeatedly effected in said zone, and meansmanually settable to limit said movement to a less extent than isdetermined by said carriage, thereby to effect another kind ofcomputation at will.

19. In a computing machine having a carriage, the combination with a setof computing pinions, drivers for driving the pinions in one directionfor addition, and in reverse direction for subtraction, and a generaloperator for the drivers, of a spring-driven differentially-movablestate-determining member, means controlled by the differential movementof said member for enabling the general operator to connect the pinionsand drivers for driving the pinions reversibly, latching meansrestraining said state-determining member and differentially operable bythe carriage as it enters a computing zone to release said member, andmeans co-operative with the general operator for restoring saidstate-determining member, said restoring means being arranged so thatafter the restoring operation it is clear of said state-determiningmember, so that the latter may respond to its carriage effected releaseby immediate movement of an extent dependent upon the kind ofcomputation effected in a zone.

20. In a computing machine having a carriage,

.30 mining member operable to the combination with a plurality of setsof computing pinions and drivers therefor, and a general operator forthe drivers, of selectively conditionable means for each set of pinionsand cooperative with the general operator for connecting said pinionsand their drivers for adding or subtracting, a spring-drivenstate-determining member for each set of pinions for conditioning saidmeans, a pair of latches for each state-determining member, one of saidlatches normally holding said member in neutral position, each pair oflatches arranged so that release of said one latch permits saidstate-determining member to assume an adding position against the otherlatch and so that the release of both latches permits saidstate-determining member to assume a. subtracting position, meanswhereby the carriage as it enters a computing zone releases the addinglatches selectively, and subtractionsetting means operable manually orby the carriage and connected to release all the subtraction-latches,thereby to cause all the state-determining members, whose adding latcheshave been released by the carriage, to assume subtracting positions.

21, In a computing machine having a carriage movable to difierentcomputing zones, the combination with a set of computing pinions anddrivers therefor, of a spring-driven state-deterdetermine connection ofsaid pinions and drivers for reversible driving of the pinions, a latchnormally restraining said member in neutral position determinative ofnon-connection of said pinions and drivers, means whereby the carriagewithdraws said latch to release said state-determining member forimmediately consequent movement while the carriage is in a computingzone, and stop-means manually settable to difierent positions to preventor control said movement of said member when the latch is withdrawn bysaid carriage, said positions being determinative, in conjunction withthe corresponding positions. of said state-determining member, ofnon-operation,

additive operation, and subtractive operation of said pinions.

22. In a multiple-register computing machine,

' the combination with a plurality of sets of computing pinions,indexable drivers therefor, and a general operator for the drivers, of'aplurality of spring-driven state-selectors, one for each set of pinionsand releasableto cause the general operator to connect the pinions anddrivers for a certain computative state, a latch for each springdrivenstate-selector normally operative for holding the latter in position forsuppressing said certain computative state, universal means common toall the latches and operable for simultaneously withdrawing the latter,a detent-device becoming operative, upon actuation of said universalmeans to withdraw the latches, for maintaining the latches in theirwithdrawn positions, and means whereby the cycling of the generalgeneral operator, and computing pinions rotatable by the drivers, of astate-determining member differentially settable from a normal positionbefore operation of the general operator to cause the pinions to bereversibly connected to the drivers for addition or subtraction, arestorer for said state-determining member, and means for operating saidrestorer, said means including a fullrevolution cam operable jointlywith said general operator and a cam-follower connected to saidrestorer, said cam timed, relatively to a general-operator cycle, todrive said restorer to restore said state-determining member to saidnormal position and to then cause said restorer to recede from saidstate-determining member so that the latter may'be set again prior toanother general-operator cycle.

26. In a computing machine, the combination each set of pinionsdifferentially settable before operation of the general operator tocause the pinions to be reversibly connected tothe drivers, the severalstate-determining members being in the form of parallel elements mountedfor individual movement, a restorer another general-operator cycle.

27. In a computing mechanism of the character described having a erator,the combination with a set of drivers driven by the general operator,and a set of computing pinions, of a spring-driven normally latchedstate-determining member releasable for immediate movement of differentextents from a neutral position, for causing the pinions and drivers tobe connected additively or subtractively, a leverpivoted at the front ofsaid casing, one arm of the lever projecting from said casing andforming a key, another arm of said lever forming a stop for saidstate-determining member, and means for locating and holding said leverat different stations, said lever arranged to swing its stop-arm in thedirection in which the state-determining member moves and being therebyeffective to restore the latter to the position in which it may berelatched.

28. The combination with a general operator, a set of drive-racks driventhereby, idlers constantly meshing with the racks, and a set ofcomputing pinions shiftable transversely to mesh with extendingcrosswise either racks or idlers, of spaced fixtures supporting a shafton which said idlers are mounted, a computing-pinion frame having at itssides slots paralleling the racks and slidably fitted to the iidler-shaft, a rock-shaft operable'by the general operator to rockintermittently-in opposite directions prior, respectively, to theadvance and return of said racks, two pinion-frame shiftersindividuallyloose on said shaft, one shifter presenting an arm having a slottedconnection to said computing-pinion frame, said connection coacting withthe pinion-frame slots and the idlershaft to guidethe pinion-frame formeshing the pinions with the idlers, said arm when rocked beingeffective to swing said frame about the idlershaft to mesh thecomputingpinions with the racks, the other shifter presenting armsspaced lengthwise of said shaft to align with the sides of thepinion-frame, links connecting said latter Z0 arms to said frame-sides,said latter arms effective when rocked, to shift the frame to mesh thepinions with the idlers, and a clutch-element splined to said shaft toengage either one of said shifters. Z5 29. The invention set forth inclaim 28, the computing-pinion frame being flanked by said idlershaftfixtures, so that a part of said fixtures may interlock with a part ofthe pinion-frame when the latter is shifted to mesh the pinions with theracks or idlers, the interlocking means including notches, extending inintersecting directions, on one part, and a corresponding notch-enteringelement on the other part, said notches being open at their intersectingends, and the aforesaid slots of the pinion-frame being also open tofacilitate detachment of the pinion-frame.

30. In a computing machine having a set of drive-racks, idlers meshingwith the racks, and a set of computing pinions, the combination of a 40frame for said pinions, transversely shiftable for meshing the pinionswith either the racks or the idlers, a single rock-shaft, twopinion-frame shifters loose on said shaft and arranged so that whenrocked individually with the shaft, they, 45 respectively, shift theframe to mesh the pinions with the racks or idlers, aclutch-elementsplined to said shaft to rock therewith and settable therealong toseparately engage either pinion-frame shifter, and means settablejointly with said 50 clutch-element and arranged to clear a pinionframeshifter when the latter is coupled to the shaft by said clutch-element,and to oppose and thereby lock said shifter, when the latter is not socoupled, against frame-shifting movement. 55 31. In a computing machinehaving a frame arranged to swing and thereby mesh computing pinions withdrive-racks and also arranged to shift parallelly to said racks to meshthe pinions with idlers meshing with said racks, means for so 60shifting said frame including, in combination, a rock-shaft, a pair ofspaced arms loose on said shaft and rigidlyconnected by a yoke, saidarms connected for shifting the frame to mesh the pin ions with theidlers, a third arm loose on said 65 shaft between said pair of arms,and connected for swinging said frame to mesh the pinions with theracks, a driving piece fastened to said shaft, and formed to abut, inone-way driving relation, said third arm and also said yoke, and aclutch- 70 element including a pair of spaced ears slidably fltting saidshaft, and rigidly connected by a bar splined to said driving piece,said ears being with in said spaced arms and flanking said third arm anddriving piece, said clutch-element being ar- 76 ranged so that,depending on its position, it may drive either said pair of arms or saidthird arm upon the rocking of said shaft in one direction to mesh thepinions either with the racks or idlers, the driving piece, by means ofits said one-way driving relation, being eflective to return theoperated arms upon reverse rocking of said shaft, for unmeshing saidpinions.

32. In a computing machine having a carriage and a general operator, thecombination with a -register selectively operable for a certaincomputing state, of a releasable spring-driven state-' determiningmember, a latch normally positioned for restraining said member, alatch-retractor having a positive one-way driving connection to saidlatch for retracting the latter, a spring tending to drive saidretractor for retracting said latch, a bolt restraining said retractor,means whereby the carriage withdraws said bolt, said retractor beingrestorable by said general operator, and a resiliently yieldableconnection between the state-determining-member latch and the retractorwhereby restoration of the latter also effects restoration of vthespring-determinin member latch, said resilient connection serving tosnap and hold the state-determining-member latch in effective positionand being unopposed to the latch-retractor-driving spring.

33. Machine constructed according to claim 32 and including amanually-operable key effective to withdraw saidstate-determining-member latch, said resilient connection yielding whensaid latch is withdrawn by means of said key, and thereby subjecting thelatch to spring tension effective to snap the latch to restored positionwhen said state-determining member is restored.

34. In a computing machine, the combination with a plurality ofregisters and a general operator therefor, of a plurality of parallelstate-determining bars, one for each register, differentially settablebefore operation of the general operator, to cause the registers to bereversibly operated, a restoring rod extending crosswise of saidparallel bars and slidably supported thereon, means for operating saidrestoring rod includinga shaft extending crosswise of saidstate-determining bars, and operable jointly with said general operator,a pair of spaced cams on said shaft, a pair of followers for said cams,and a pair of links connecting the followers to said restoring rod, thepairing of the cams, followers and links serving to move the restoringrod, slidably supported on said bars, in parallelism, said cams timed todrive said restoring rod to restore said state-determining bars and tothen cause said restoring rod to recede so that the state-determiningbars may be set again prior to another general-operator cycling.

35. In a. multiple-register computing machine having a carriage, thecombination of a plurality of sets of computing pinions, a plurality ofsets of indexable drivers therefor, each driver individually shiftableto indexing position, a single set of carriage-operated driver-shiftingdenominational trains having branches ramifying to said sets of driverswhich are normally disconnected from said branches, carriage-controlledsets of couplers for selectively connecting the sets of branches to thedrivers to effect registerselection, each set of pinions beingreversibly connectible to its drivers, an individual statedeterminingmember for each set of pinions, means dependent on said sets of couplerswhereby, responsive to the carriage-controlled coupling operation on aselected set of drivers, the carriage also causes setting of acorresponding state-

